ABSTRACT:  This paper presents (a) an integrated automatic real-time slope monitoring system using a conventional slope monitoring package and a multi-antenna Global Positioning System (GPS) package and the field monitoring results, (b) monitoring of soil nailed slopes by optical fiber strain sensors, and (c) moni-toring of a model dam by optical fiber sensing bars. The authors also introduce new developments of special Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) based sensors and potential applications for monitoring settlement profiles, verti-cal settlements, and lateral movement of slopes, dams, and foundations under both static and dynamic loading.

Yin, J.-H., Zhu, H.-H., and Jin, W. (2008). "Monitoring of soil nailed slopes and dams using innovative technologies." Landslides and Engineered Slopes-From the Past to the Future, Proceedings of 10th International Symposium on Landslides and Engineered Slopes, Xi'an, China: Taylor & Francis, 1361-1366.